(1) Twenty years after his death he was canonized by Pope Honorius III, the first Carthusian saint.(2) The Carthusians are a contemplative order who devote their lives to considering their faith in silence.(3) To be sure, the Carthusian order, founded by Saint Bruno in 1084, was home to accomplished steel workers who provided armament for the Crusades.(4) On 12 April a worried Carthusian monk, Dom Gerle, who had hitherto voted with the patriots, moved a surprise motion to declare Catholicism the national religion and grant it the monopoly of public worship.(5) Generally speaking, this was the only time the brethren met, for what most marked the Carthusians apart was that they lived not communally but in isolation, each in his own cell.(6) The Benedictines (who, like the Carthusians , are now popularly associated with a high-quality liqueur based on distilled wine) thus owned extensive vineyards.(7) She describes Marguerite d' Oingt, a French Carthusian nun, working in the scriptorium of her thirteenth-century monastery, trying to express in words she does not yet possess the mystery and ambiguity of her own spiritual life.(8) Zurbarán, for example, worked almost exclusively for religious orders such as the Dominicans and Carthusians , while Murillo's patrons were composed of both secular and regular clergy.(9) One of the earliest orders was that of the Benedictines, established by St Benedict towards the end of the 5th century ad, followed later by the Cluniacs in the 10th century, and the Carthusians and the Cistercians in the 11th century.(10) Actors brought to life the Royal Progress of Elizabeth I, her favourite the Earl of Leicester and other courtiers at the event in the Charterhouse, a former Carthusian priory in the City of London.(11) A wise combination of the communal and solitary elements of monasticism, Carthusians lived in separate cells with more private than common prayer.(12) Each of these small paintings portrays a Calvary scene with a kneeling Carthusian , recognizable by his white full-length scapular, fitted with a cowl.(13) The Chartreuse de Champmol was founded for twenty-four monks and a prior, which was twice the usual number in a typical Carthusian foundation.(14) Chatreuse is named for its silent ranks of Carthusian monks, hence ‘La Petite Chartreuse’ (the little Carthusian nun), which is the book's French title.(15) The central focus of the current exhibition in Cleveland is the foundation of the Carthusian monastery of Champmol and the ducal tombs that once occupied its choir.(16) The original chartreuse is Chartreuse Mountain, after which came the name La Grande Chartreuse, which was the Carthusian monastery in Grenoble.
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